“根据中国电梯“十二五”科技需求，未来重点发展项目将针对电梯的各项技术指标进行全面提升，特别是在提高电梯的安全性能上将会有一些举措。”
——上海交通大学朱昌明教授
电梯作为经济发展和物质文明的标志，已经成为中国城市一道靓丽的风景线，是人们日常工作和生活中非常普遍的交通运载方式。随着经济的发展和城市化进程的进一步推进，电梯安装量和需求量日益增大，电梯技术创新和电梯本身的安全性也受到广泛的关注。国家自“十一•五”开始在发展规划中明确提出了电梯领域的科技需求和主要任务，上海交通大学在成功完成“十一•五”阶段性研究成果的基础上，在十二•五规划指南下达前期，提交了《十二•五电梯安全与节能科技发展规划》方案。上海交通大学朱昌明教授应约介绍了目前电梯行业的发展状况、面临的问题和十二•五电梯安全、创新、节能方面的科技研发规划。
数据分析
中国是全球最大的电梯市场，也是全球最大的电梯制造基地和电梯保有量最大的国家，近十年，电梯产量都在以每年20%左右的速度增长。不过，我国平均每千人对应的电梯数量还很低，按2009年电梯保有量137万台计算，我国的平均每千人对应的电梯数量只有1台多一点。就是按现有电梯拥有数量最多的大城市上海计算，平均每千人对应的电梯数量为7.5台，还不到欧洲各国的平均水平9.1台每千人。加大对数据的分析和研究，电梯市场发展空间很大，电梯企业大有可为。
避免事故
由于建筑数量、建筑面积、建筑高度等因素的增长需求，我国电梯产量逐年大幅上涨，相对于大幅增长的产量，中国电梯行业面临着现在和未来必须面对的质量和安全问题：比如：电梯部件质量难控、电梯安装维保难于到位、企业的安全责任意识淡薄、各类人员的素质跟不上电梯发展需要等，由于管理水平及人员素质的原因，我国电梯的事故还是时有发生，这就需要我们尽量避免电梯事故的发生，平时加强对设备的维修保养，增强技术人员素质；完善物业公司的管理制度，特别是正确保管和使用紧急开锁的三角钥匙；同时要教育乘客文明乘梯和掌握自救知识。
研究规划
国家 “11.5” 特种设备的安全科技支撑计划项目中，就首次将电梯列入了特种设备安全科技研究对象，上海交通大学对电梯的安全评估、电梯的预警系统及电梯事故的仿真作了探索性的研究，也取得了部分阶段性的成果。但从电梯安全科技的广度和深度的研究还是远远不够的。
根据中国电梯“十二五”科技需求，未来重点发展项目将针对电梯的各项技术指标进行全面提升。特别是在提高电梯的安全性能上将会有一些举措，比如：“十二五”电梯研究计划方案中包括了关于电梯门及门区安全技术的研究、电梯抗震技术的研究、电梯预警及应急救援系统的研究、电梯关键部件型式试验参数的试验研究等，这些研究都将提高电梯的安全指数。
在技术创新方面，主要从未来电梯发展的趋势出发进行研究，比如：高速大容量驱动技术、智能电梯群控系统、物联网的应用、电梯智能维护技术、新型的悬挂系统的引用、磁悬浮导向技术等，通过研究和创新都有可能指导企业开拓出新的、更广泛的市场，使未来的电梯更快捷、更稳定、更高效。方案中将首次对电梯环保进行研究，我们会根据具体的环保需要，对电梯进行电梯能量消耗状况对比分析研究、电梯能耗测试装置的研究、电梯能效评估方法的研究，以减少电梯对环境的负面影响，使之更加节省资源、更加人性化、贴近百姓生活。随着我们电梯技术水平和管理水平的逐步提升，以及与国际领先电梯企业合作，未来电梯将产生质的飞跃。“十二五”期间电梯行业应打好安全牌和节能牌，机遇与挑战并存，腾飞的中国电梯业靠大家维护、创造。
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=center>近年电梯事故数据表
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"> | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>事故 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>总数 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>（起） | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>重大 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>事故 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>（起） | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>严重 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>事故 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>（起） | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>一般 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>事故 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>（起） | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>人员伤亡（人） | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>经济损失 normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>（万元） | ||
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>死亡 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>重伤 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>轻伤 | ||||||
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2002 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">54 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">51 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">9 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">210 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2003 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">53 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">53 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">39 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">13 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">5 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">133.8 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2004 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">22 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">22 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">18 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">4 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">5 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">206.05 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2005 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">35 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">35 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">25 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">10 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">3 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">76.35 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2007 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">29 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">6 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">10 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">343.4 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2008 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">44 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">44 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">33 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">9 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">25 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">45 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2009 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">8 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">11 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1562.06 |
“The Twelfth Five-Year Plan” Elevator Security and Energy-saving
“ According to the technological needs of China elevator in “The Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, the future developing projects will be fully improved, especially the improvement of elevator security.”
---Professor Zhu Changming, Shanghai Jiaotong University
Elevator is a symbol of economy developing and material civilization, and is also the popular vertical traffic tool in people’s daily life. With the development of urbanization, the number of the elevators are increasing quickly, thus the innovation and security of elevator has been the hot topic in the industry. Since the “Eleven Five-Year Plan” clearly regulated the technological needs and main tasks, Shanghai Jiaotong University successfully finished the periodical research, and before the issuing of “the Twelfth-Five Year Plan”, the university submitted the document <Elevator Security and Energy-saving Technology Developing Plan in Twelfth Five-Year Plan>. Professor Zhu in Shanghai Jiaotong University introduced the current situation of the elevator industry, and the problems in this period, and he also talked about the technological plan of the elevator security, innovation and energy-saving in “The Twelfth Five-Year Plan”.
Data Analysis
China is the largest elevator market, and is also the largest elevator manufacturing base in the world. In the recent 10 years, the output of the elevator is increasing by 20% every year. However, the number of elevators corresponding one thousand people still remains low. According to the elevator total number 1,370,000, number of elevators corresponding one thousand people is only 1. Even according to the data in Shanghai, where the number of elevators is the largest, number of elevators corresponding one thousand people is 7.5, much less than the standard level of 9.1 units of elevator in Europe. Therefore, China’s elevator market has great potentiality.
Avoiding Accidents
Due to the increasing numbers of buildings, the output of elevator in China has been increasing quickly. Corresponding to the largely increasing of output, China’s elevator industry is also facing many quality and security problems. For the lacking of managing level and workers’ quality, elevator accidents happened quite often. In order to avoid the accidents, we should strengthen the maintenance and improve the quality of workers; consummate the managing system of the property management company; especially the maintaining and using of the triangle key in emergency using.
Researching and Planning
The national “11.5” special equipment security technology plan firstly listed the elevator as the researching object in special equipments. And the elevator security estimation, alarming system and the simulation of accidents in Shanghai Jiaotong University have got the periodical progresses. But the researching of elevator in depth and broad is not enough.
Corresponding to the needs of China Elevator “the twelfth five-year plan”, the future important elevator project will be fully improved in the technology, especially in the aspect of elevator security, for instance: “ the twelfth five-year plan” elevator researching plan includes the researching of elevator door safety, elevator quake-proof technology, elevator alarming system, which all can improve the safety of elevator.
In the technology innovation, the researching work mainly focuses on the future elevator developing trend, for example: High-speed high-capacity drive technology，intelligent elevator group control system, content and the application of the elevator intelligence network maintenance technology, using of new type of suspension system and maglev guidance technology. The plan also firstly refers the environmental protection of elevator. The elevator will be designed to be energy-saving and humanization. With the gradually improving of elevator technology and managing system, the elevator industry in future will be qualitatively leaping.
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=center>Elevator Accidents Data Sheet in Recent Year
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"> | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Total normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Number normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Of normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Accidents | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Number normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>of normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Major normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Accidents | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Number normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Of normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Grave normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Accidents | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Number normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Of normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Ordinary normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Accidents | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 37pt; TEXT-INDENT: -37pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align=center>Personal Injury | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Economic normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Losses(10,000 RMB) | ||
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Dead | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Serious normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Injury | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Minor normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>Wound | ||||||
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2002 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">54 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">51 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">9 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">210 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2003 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">53 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">53 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">39 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">13 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">5 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">133.8 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2004 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">22 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">22 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">18 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">4 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">5 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">206.05 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2005 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">35 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">35 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">25 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">10 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">3 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">76.35 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2007 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">29 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">6 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">10 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">343.4 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2008 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">44 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">44 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">33 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">9 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">25 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">45 |
normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">2009 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">0 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">46 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">36 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">8 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">11 | normal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">1562.06 |
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